Evaluation of the Richness, Species Diversity, and Biosafety of Saprotrophic Fungal Communities in Constructed Wetlands and Biological Wastewater Ponds

The present study was focused on the characterization of biocenotic diversity saprotrophic fungi, taking into account impact various treatment systems and technological stages as well physicochemical properties wastewater. biodegradation potential, hazard posed to humans, animals, environment, effectiveness elimination propagules were evaluated. most effective fungal recorded in hybrid constructed wetland with horizontal (HF-CW) vertical (VF-CW) wastewater flow, especially VF-HF objects. communities from small (CW) stabilization ponds (WSP) dominated by ubiquitous terrestrial molds accompanied a minimal number yeasts. similarity species composition between plants generally low, whereas together population size very high at treatment. Species potential pathogenicity humans animals accounted for over 45%, i.e., classified BioSafety Level 1 2 (BSL-1 BSL-2 groups), potentially phytopathogenic fungi represented 31.5% mycobiota composition. dynamics growth correlated content organic pollutants nutrients (nitrogen phosphorus) oxygen deficiency. accumulation nitrates corresponded decline frequency treated lowest efficiency removal exhibited biological ponds.